For those who’re on the lookout for a simple option to enhance your college students’ vocabulary and studying comprehension, educate them Greek and Latin root phrases! As soon as they know the meanings of the foundation phrases, they will work out the definitions of so many different phrases. Right here’s why it really works and one of the best root phrases to show children in grades Ok-12.
What are root phrases?
A root phrase is a primary constructing block used to create bigger English phrases. Root phrases come from different languages, usually Greek and Latin, and may’t normally stand on their very own. As an alternative, they’re mixed with prefixes, suffixes, and/or different root phrases to create a complete new phrase. Check out these examples:
- auto (Greek for self) + graph (Greek for write) = autograph (to jot down your personal identify)
- bi (prefix that means two) + cycl (Greek for circle) = bicycle (two-wheeled automobile)
- contra (Greek for in opposition to or reverse) + dict (converse or say) = contradict (to say the other of one thing is true)
- manu (Latin for hand) + truth (Latin for make or do) + ure (suffix that means the method of) = manufacture (the method of constructing one thing, initially by hand)
You’ll even discover examples that mix each Greek and Latin root phrases in a single phrase!
- aqua (Latin for water) + phobia (Greek for worry of) = aquaphobia (worry of water)
- dys (Greek for unhealthy) + functio (Latin for to carry out) = dysfunction (not performing appropriately)
Trendy English is an actual hodgepodge of a language, influenced by Latin, Greek, French, German, Hindi, Norse, Arabic, and Outdated English, simply to call a number of. Greek and Latin root phrases are among the many most typical, particularly with regards to phrases utilized in academia or science.
Why educate Greek and Latin root phrases?
Understanding the definitions of widespread Latin and Greek roots provides college students an actual enhance with regards to understanding the meanings of unknown phrases. While you mix this data with a superb working data of prefixes and suffixes, it’s simple to make sense of many phrases, even out of context. (This may be very useful on standardized exams just like the SAT.)
It’s necessary to verify your college students know that whereas root phrases is usually a good start line, they may also be deceptive typically. “Self-discipline” comes from the Latin phrase for scholar or learner (discipulus). In English, self-discipline can imply an space of research, which is said to the Latin root. However it might probably additionally imply self-control, or a type of punishment, meanings that the foundation phrase don’t clarify.
In different instances, the foundation phrase is downright complicated, although it made sense in different languages. As an illustration, wage comes from the Latin root sal, which suggests salt. If that Roman troopers have been partly paid in salt, it is smart. However in any other case, realizing that root doesn’t actually assist.
That being mentioned, realizing Greek and Latin roots is useful extra usually that not. That’s why it’s value sharing this checklist of the most typical Greek and Latin root phrases together with your college students.
Greek Root Phrases (43)
acro
Which means: excessive, high
Examples: acropolis, acrobat
anthropo
Which means: human, human, humanity
Examples: anthropology, philanthropist
anti
Which means: in opposition to
Examples: antidote, antibacterial
arch
Which means: chief, first, rule
Examples: monarch, archaeology
ast / astro
Which means: star
Examples: astronomy, astronaut
auto
Which means: self
Examples: autograph, computerized
bio
Which means: life
Examples: biology, biography
chrome
Which means: colour
Examples: chromatic, monochrome
chron
Which means: time
Examples: chronology, synchronize
cycl
Which means: circle, wheel
Examples: bicycle, cyclone
dem
Which means: individuals
Examples: democracy, epidemic
dyn / dynam
Which means: energy, power
Examples: dynamo, dynamic
dys
Which means: unhealthy, troublesome, irregular
Examples: dysfunction, dystopia
geo
Which means: earth
Examples: geography, geology
graph / gram
Which means: write, draw
Examples: paragraph, grammar
hetero
Which means: totally different
Examples: heterogeneous, heterosexual
homo
Which means: similar
Examples: homonym, homogeneous
hydr
Which means: water
Examples: hydrant, hydroelectric
hyper
Which means: over, above
Examples: hyperactive, hyperbole
hypo
Which means: below, under
Examples: hypothermia, hypodermic
log / logy
Which means: phrase, research
Examples: dialogue, biology
mega / megalo
Which means: nice, giant
Examples: megaphone, megalopolis
metr / meter
Which means: measure
Examples: speedometer, barometer
micro
Which means: small
Examples: microscope, microchip
mis / miso
Which means: hate
Examples: misogyny, misanthrope
morph
Which means: type, form
Examples: metamorphosis, morphology
narc
Which means: sleep
Examples: narcotic, narcolepsy
naut
Which means: sailor, ship
Examples: astronaut, nautical
nym
Which means: identify
Examples: pseudonym, antonym
path
Which means: feeling, illness
Examples: sympathy, pathology
phil
Which means: love
Examples: philosophy, philanthropist
phobia
Which means: worry of
Examples: claustrophobia, arachnophobia
phon
Which means: sound
Examples: phone, symphony
picture
Which means: gentle
Examples: {photograph}, photosynthesis
polis / polit
Which means: metropolis, citizen
Examples: metropolis, politics
pseudo
Which means: false, pretended
Examples: pseudonym, pseudoscientific
psych
Which means: thoughts, soul
Examples: psychology, psychic
scope
Which means: take a look at, study
Examples: microscope, periscope
syn
Which means: collectively, with
Examples: photosynthesis, synchronize
techno
Which means: artwork, craft, talent
Examples: approach, expertise
tele
Which means: far, distant
Examples: tv, telescope
theo
Which means: god
Examples: theology, monotheism
therm
Which means: warmth
Examples: thermometer, thermal
Latin Root Phrases (45)
ab
Which means: away, off
Examples: abstain, absent
act
Which means: to do
Examples: motion, actor
ambi
Which means: each, round
Examples: ambiguous, ambidextrous
aqua
Which means: water
Examples: aquarium, aquatic
aud
Which means: hear
Examples: viewers, audible
bene
Which means: good, properly
Examples: profit, benevolent
cent
Which means: hundred
Examples: century, %
circum
Which means: round
Examples: circumference, flow into
contra / counter
Which means: in opposition to, reverse
Examples: contradict, counteract
dict
Which means: say, converse
Examples: dictate, predict
doc
Which means: educate, show
Examples: doc, physician
duc / duct
Which means: lead
Examples: educate, conduct
fac / truth
Which means: make, do
Examples: manufacturing facility, manufacture
type
Which means: form
Examples: remodel, uniform
fort
Which means: sturdy
Examples: fortress, fortify
fract / frag
Which means: break
Examples: fracture, fragment
fund / discovered
Which means: backside, base
Examples: basis, elementary
gen
Which means: give delivery to
Examples: genesis, technology
ject
Which means: throw
Examples: venture, eject
jur
Which means: regulation
Examples: jury, jurisdiction
lev
Which means: elevate
Examples: Levitate, elevate
lumin / luc / lum
Which means: gentle
Examples: illuminate, translucent
mal
Which means: unhealthy
Examples: malfunction, malevolent
manu / mani
Which means: hand
Examples: manuscript, manicure
mater / matr
Which means: mom
Examples: maternity, matriarch
mit / mis
Which means: ship
Examples: transmit, mission
mort
Which means: loss of life
Examples: mortal, immortal
multi
Which means: many
Examples: multicolor, multimedia
omni
Which means: all
Examples: omnivorous, all-powerful
pac
Which means: peace
Examples: pacify, pact
pater / patr
Which means: father
Examples: paternal, patriot
port
Which means: carry
Examples: transport, transportable
rupt
Which means: break
Examples: interrupt, erupt
scrib / script
Which means: write
Examples: describe, manuscript
sect / sec
Which means: minimize
Examples: part, dissect
sens
Which means: really feel
Examples: sensory, sentiment
spect
Which means: look, see
Examples: examine, spectator
struct
Which means: construct
Examples: assemble, construction
terr
Which means: earth
Examples: territory, terrain
timi
Which means: worry
Examples: timid, intimidate
tract
Which means: pull, drag
Examples: tractor, entice
vac
Which means: empty
Examples: evacuate, vacuum
vid / vis
Which means: see
Examples: video, imaginative and prescient
voc / voke
Which means: name, voice
Examples: vocal, provoke
volv / volut
Which means: roll, flip
Examples: revolve, evolution
